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Chad Love: Next Steps in Human Evolution

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March 04, 2010

Chad Love: Next Steps in Human Evolution

There's a fascinating story in yesterday's New York Times about some new insights into the role culture itself plays  in human evolution (and yes, I’m sure I’ll get chided by some of you, again, for referencing such a liberal rag). Historically, most scientists have discounted the role of culture in our evolutionary history. In fact, the rise of  agriculture and organized civilization has always been seen as a speedbump for the natural evolutionary forces shaping our ancestors. But the thinking on this is changing.

From the story
 
As with any other species, human populations are  shaped by the usual forces of natural selection, like famine, disease or climate. A new force is now coming into focus. It is one with a surprising implication — that for the last 20,000 years or so, people  have inadvertently been shaping their own evolution. The force is human culture, broadly defined as any learned behavior, including technology. The evidence of its activity is the more  surprising because culture has long seemed to play just the opposite role. Biologists have seen it as a shield that protects people from the full force of other selective pressures, since clothes and shelter dull the bite of cold  and farming helps build surpluses to ride out famine.   Because of this  buffering action, culture was thought to have  blunted the rate of human  evolution, or even brought it to a halt, in  the distant past. Many biologists  are now seeing the role of culture  in a quite different light.

Although it  does shield people from  other forces, culture itself seems to be a powerful  force of natural  selection. People adapt genetically to sustained cultural  changes,  like new diets. And this interaction works more quickly than other   selective forces, “leading some practitioners to argue that  gene-culture  co-evolution could be the dominant mode of human  evolution,” Kevin N. Laland  and colleagues wrote in the February issue  of Nature Reviews Genetics. Dr. Laland is an evolutionary biologist at the University of St. Andrews  in Scotland.

The whole story is well worth a read, and if true, raises some interesting questions about hunting, its role in evolution, and how it's generally perceived in modern society. My first question on reading the story  was "OK, just how fast are they talking  here? Millenniums? Centuries? Could  culture exert an influence on  evolution in the space of just a few  generations?

If true,  the possibilities are fascinating, if a little  frightening. As outdoors persons, we all worry about the long, slow,  society-wide  decline in not only hunting and fishing, but general interest  in nature itself. And traditionally we've lamented that decline as a cultural   problem. But if current cultural norms and conditions do indeed have a  hand in hard-wiring our genes, what might that say about our future?  What traits would modern society select for? What  will the human of the  future look like?
 
For example, my wife is a high school teacher, so I  am an observer of the teenage condition. And thanks  to the children of today, I believe the human of the future  will not need the hand as we currently know it. Instead, our hands will  evolve into cupped flipper-like appendages with an iPhone-shaped indent  and two prominent and blindingly fast thumbs. Why? The teens  and young adults with superior thumb speed text more quickly and will  be more successful at  hooking up with potential mates  and employers. They will consistently beat out their slow-thumbed  competitors, and therefore be rewarded with propagating their  traits. A few generations down the line, a few more rounds of selection  and Bingo! The iFlipper is born. Simple natural selection at  work.    

So there's my vision. What's  yours?

Comments (19)

Top Rated
All Comments
from Woodstock wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Evolution?? I prefer to believe there’s an intelligent designer behind it all: someone pulling levers and pushing foot pedals, and out of fog I stride, my .270 slung on my shoulder, and a pack load of meat on my back: the “evolved” modern man…

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from Clay Cooper wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Yesteryear it was Slings and dings in stocks and now it's shooting sticks and synthetic stocks!

+3 Good Comment? | | Report
from ENO wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

When did adaptation become evolution? I think before any news reporter writes an article on evolution they should start it by defining "their" definition of evolution.

P.S. I just took a sip of Diet Coke with my left hand instead of the usual right. Isn't evolution great?

0 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bob81 wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

I can't tell how much of the previous comments were sincere, and how much was satire.

Chad,
If you found the NYT article interesting, you might find reading about lactose intolerance among the worlds different ethnicities interesting too (Seriously. Lol!) Humans are the only species on earth that can tolerate lactose into adulthood, and the incidence of lactose tolerance differs wildly between ethnic groups. It's believed this is the direct result of cultivation of livestock by our ancestors in certain parts of the world, and the competitive advantage granted to those who were able to drink milk/eat cheese, etc.

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from blackdawgz wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

As a lifetime hunter and fisherman, I consider myself somewhat a dinosaur. It will all be over in a few more generations, except for the few who can survive outside what our ever-growing "government" will select for. Yeah, that's it. It has nothing to do with natural selection. The Political and economic forces that steer our government will allow the existence of subservient and mildly-intelligent beings who have never had a creative thought. The rights of Amerikans are slowly but surely being eroded. Production is going "overseas", and the people are being farmed like cabbages. As the Velvet Mafia begins to emerge, and God is banned almost everywhere, and Atheism was totally sold in the 1960's, it is clear that Amerikans now want their Golden Calf more than ever. At work and when you support the service industries (all that's left), people are going to steal from you. It Is The Game. We are entering an era of chronic large-scale unemployment, and "the Government" is lying about that. Seniors are being abandoned by the government, and they are going to become burdens on their families. What is being bred here is a culture of scared and inept "people" who are best capable of serving those who have grabbed control of the financial/economic empire. Such people are not deserving of any rights. But you asked. It has been said that if Christ ever comes back, the CIA will have him dead in a week. And that's the light version. Only a few intellects here will get this far.

+3 Good Comment? | | Report
from Jeff4066 wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

I've thought of this stuff before. The flipper-type evolution would take quite a bit of time to happen. If kids with bigger, faster thumbs use their texting ability to find mates faster, they will breed children with bigger faster thumbs. This might take 10 - 20 generations to prove or disprove.

I worry more about food. Some animals are herbivores, some because that's all they could catch. Some, like man, are omnivores since we can eat anything. In times and places of no edible plants, some became carnivores.

So, how do Fritos fit into this picture?

Also, the learning process for modern survival has changed...

"Once, women wanted a mate that could run down an antelope and kill it with a single blow to the forehead. That skill becomes less useful every day. Now, women want a man that can install a network adapter without calling technical support."
-Scott Adams.

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bella wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Evolution may have been superceeded by cultural factors but Devolution seems to be obvious as the stupidities of humankind compound on each other.
You may be smart, you may be strong, success is not guaranteed. However if you are profoundly stupid, survival is assured! Society has created dozens of wonderful opportunities and programs to benefit idiots, mandated even, so no one would think to interfere with funding. Fire departments may close, policemen laid off and roads go unrepaired but whatever happens to the rest of us, take comfort that the coddling of the stupid will continue.

+12 Good Comment? | | Report
from country road wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Thanks Bella. Never underestimate the power of stupid people in large numbers. The stupid ones will continue to breed and vote themselves bread and circuses while the rest of us will be required to provide same. The future could be a dark and scary place.

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from smallfrey wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

is it possible they started with the premise that the artists rendition of aliens from outerspace, look like famine victims of third world countries?

+2 Good Comment? | | Report
from shane wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

My vision of the future human? Bleak.

+3 Good Comment? | | Report
from seadog wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

I agree with Bella that humans are now "DEvolving" rather than Evolving. Strength, speed, agility, wits and other survival abilities are no longer necessary for survival. Inept and stupid people are not just allowed to survive, but they're also encouraged to breed.

+8 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bryan01 wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

For a look at one person's exceptionally humorous take on this issue watch Idiocracy - one of the funniest movies of the last decade

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from country road wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

There's far too much possible truth in that movie for it to be really funny.

+5 Good Comment? | | Report
from dukkillr wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

Hmmm...I'm not so sure about the iFlipper idea. Sure, it would be great for texting, but what about typing? It takes all 10 fingers to chat on Facebook...

+4 Good Comment? | | Report
from mad_dog9999 wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

There will be no future human when the ROBOTS TAKE OVER! RUN FOR YOUR LIVES THE ROBOTS ARE COMING! DEAR GOD THEY'RE UNSTOPPABLE!!!!! AAAAAGGHHH!!!

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bella wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

I'm waiting for the grey goo from rampant nanomachines absorbing everything into a tsunami of greyish marshmallow fluff. glub glub glub.

+2 Good Comment? | | Report
from Levi Banks wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago
from Jere Smith wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

Paranoia running rampant today! ;)

-1 Good Comment? | | Report
from Jeff4066 wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

This is reminding me of a science fiction story I first read in high school. As years (decades) went by, it actually started to worry me about how aspects of the story were coming true all the time. Eventually even facts were backing it up.

The story (can't remember the author, it was in an anthology) was called "The Marching Morons".

It's premise? That as society advanced, the more intelligent people had fewer children and put more effort into raising them correctly, while the less 'dedicated' had hordes of children raised in their image. As time passed, more and more work to protect everyone was being handled by fewer and fewer doctors, engineers, etc. Eventually, there were so few that they formed a world-wide organization just to keep people safe and alive. A single person in this group might be a doctor, air-traffic controller, auto engineer, and so forth.

Of course, then I read and hear reports about professionals having fewer children, and later in life, while welfare mothers have six or more children raised in an environment with little leadership, and little hope to lay a proper foundation for skills.

I often consider this 'fiction' to be more of a harbinger of the future than many 'facts'.

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from www.dropjhook.com wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

In humans past natural elements ruled the world it was survival of the fittest only the strong survive! Also in our past a man was only as good as what he could do for another are what he could give away now it seems our culture is about who you can sue & how much you can take. Warriors was our heroes now it people in slick suits or backwards hats with a big retarded chain hanging off there necks. We where once free but they make new laws constantly so they have more paperwork to make it easier to call us law breakers. Hunters once kept all our ancestors heathy & alive but fast food & the mico wave replaced us now the mass media portrays hunters as villains or elmer fud how fast they forget where there blood line came from is amazing. maybee I was born to late !!!!

+1 Good Comment? | | Report

Post a Comment

from Bella wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Evolution may have been superceeded by cultural factors but Devolution seems to be obvious as the stupidities of humankind compound on each other.
You may be smart, you may be strong, success is not guaranteed. However if you are profoundly stupid, survival is assured! Society has created dozens of wonderful opportunities and programs to benefit idiots, mandated even, so no one would think to interfere with funding. Fire departments may close, policemen laid off and roads go unrepaired but whatever happens to the rest of us, take comfort that the coddling of the stupid will continue.

+12 Good Comment? | | Report
from seadog wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

I agree with Bella that humans are now "DEvolving" rather than Evolving. Strength, speed, agility, wits and other survival abilities are no longer necessary for survival. Inept and stupid people are not just allowed to survive, but they're also encouraged to breed.

+8 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bob81 wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

I can't tell how much of the previous comments were sincere, and how much was satire.

Chad,
If you found the NYT article interesting, you might find reading about lactose intolerance among the worlds different ethnicities interesting too (Seriously. Lol!) Humans are the only species on earth that can tolerate lactose into adulthood, and the incidence of lactose tolerance differs wildly between ethnic groups. It's believed this is the direct result of cultivation of livestock by our ancestors in certain parts of the world, and the competitive advantage granted to those who were able to drink milk/eat cheese, etc.

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from Jeff4066 wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

I've thought of this stuff before. The flipper-type evolution would take quite a bit of time to happen. If kids with bigger, faster thumbs use their texting ability to find mates faster, they will breed children with bigger faster thumbs. This might take 10 - 20 generations to prove or disprove.

I worry more about food. Some animals are herbivores, some because that's all they could catch. Some, like man, are omnivores since we can eat anything. In times and places of no edible plants, some became carnivores.

So, how do Fritos fit into this picture?

Also, the learning process for modern survival has changed...

"Once, women wanted a mate that could run down an antelope and kill it with a single blow to the forehead. That skill becomes less useful every day. Now, women want a man that can install a network adapter without calling technical support."
-Scott Adams.

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from country road wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Thanks Bella. Never underestimate the power of stupid people in large numbers. The stupid ones will continue to breed and vote themselves bread and circuses while the rest of us will be required to provide same. The future could be a dark and scary place.

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bryan01 wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

For a look at one person's exceptionally humorous take on this issue watch Idiocracy - one of the funniest movies of the last decade

+7 Good Comment? | | Report
from country road wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

There's far too much possible truth in that movie for it to be really funny.

+5 Good Comment? | | Report
from dukkillr wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

Hmmm...I'm not so sure about the iFlipper idea. Sure, it would be great for texting, but what about typing? It takes all 10 fingers to chat on Facebook...

+4 Good Comment? | | Report
from Clay Cooper wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Yesteryear it was Slings and dings in stocks and now it's shooting sticks and synthetic stocks!

+3 Good Comment? | | Report
from blackdawgz wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

As a lifetime hunter and fisherman, I consider myself somewhat a dinosaur. It will all be over in a few more generations, except for the few who can survive outside what our ever-growing "government" will select for. Yeah, that's it. It has nothing to do with natural selection. The Political and economic forces that steer our government will allow the existence of subservient and mildly-intelligent beings who have never had a creative thought. The rights of Amerikans are slowly but surely being eroded. Production is going "overseas", and the people are being farmed like cabbages. As the Velvet Mafia begins to emerge, and God is banned almost everywhere, and Atheism was totally sold in the 1960's, it is clear that Amerikans now want their Golden Calf more than ever. At work and when you support the service industries (all that's left), people are going to steal from you. It Is The Game. We are entering an era of chronic large-scale unemployment, and "the Government" is lying about that. Seniors are being abandoned by the government, and they are going to become burdens on their families. What is being bred here is a culture of scared and inept "people" who are best capable of serving those who have grabbed control of the financial/economic empire. Such people are not deserving of any rights. But you asked. It has been said that if Christ ever comes back, the CIA will have him dead in a week. And that's the light version. Only a few intellects here will get this far.

+3 Good Comment? | | Report
from shane wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

My vision of the future human? Bleak.

+3 Good Comment? | | Report
from smallfrey wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

is it possible they started with the premise that the artists rendition of aliens from outerspace, look like famine victims of third world countries?

+2 Good Comment? | | Report
from Bella wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

I'm waiting for the grey goo from rampant nanomachines absorbing everything into a tsunami of greyish marshmallow fluff. glub glub glub.

+2 Good Comment? | | Report
from Woodstock wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

Evolution?? I prefer to believe there’s an intelligent designer behind it all: someone pulling levers and pushing foot pedals, and out of fog I stride, my .270 slung on my shoulder, and a pack load of meat on my back: the “evolved” modern man…

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from mad_dog9999 wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

There will be no future human when the ROBOTS TAKE OVER! RUN FOR YOUR LIVES THE ROBOTS ARE COMING! DEAR GOD THEY'RE UNSTOPPABLE!!!!! AAAAAGGHHH!!!

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from Levi Banks wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago
from Jeff4066 wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

This is reminding me of a science fiction story I first read in high school. As years (decades) went by, it actually started to worry me about how aspects of the story were coming true all the time. Eventually even facts were backing it up.

The story (can't remember the author, it was in an anthology) was called "The Marching Morons".

It's premise? That as society advanced, the more intelligent people had fewer children and put more effort into raising them correctly, while the less 'dedicated' had hordes of children raised in their image. As time passed, more and more work to protect everyone was being handled by fewer and fewer doctors, engineers, etc. Eventually, there were so few that they formed a world-wide organization just to keep people safe and alive. A single person in this group might be a doctor, air-traffic controller, auto engineer, and so forth.

Of course, then I read and hear reports about professionals having fewer children, and later in life, while welfare mothers have six or more children raised in an environment with little leadership, and little hope to lay a proper foundation for skills.

I often consider this 'fiction' to be more of a harbinger of the future than many 'facts'.

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from www.dropjhook.com wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

In humans past natural elements ruled the world it was survival of the fittest only the strong survive! Also in our past a man was only as good as what he could do for another are what he could give away now it seems our culture is about who you can sue & how much you can take. Warriors was our heroes now it people in slick suits or backwards hats with a big retarded chain hanging off there necks. We where once free but they make new laws constantly so they have more paperwork to make it easier to call us law breakers. Hunters once kept all our ancestors heathy & alive but fast food & the mico wave replaced us now the mass media portrays hunters as villains or elmer fud how fast they forget where there blood line came from is amazing. maybee I was born to late !!!!

+1 Good Comment? | | Report
from ENO wrote 1 year 49 weeks ago

When did adaptation become evolution? I think before any news reporter writes an article on evolution they should start it by defining "their" definition of evolution.

P.S. I just took a sip of Diet Coke with my left hand instead of the usual right. Isn't evolution great?

0 Good Comment? | | Report
from Jere Smith wrote 1 year 48 weeks ago

Paranoia running rampant today! ;)

-1 Good Comment? | | Report

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